Fundamentals of solar cell physics revisited: Common pitfalls
In other words, a silicon cell will have a larger ideal photocurrent density than a CdTe solar cell, because in silicon more photons from the solar spectrum will have enough energy to be absorbed. This fact is expressed in equation (1) by the lower limit in the integral, which is just counting the photons (in the unit area each unit of time) absorbed by the respective
Enhanced photocurrent of perovskite solar cells by a layer of
Fig. 1 shows the schematic geometry of the proposed solar cell by embedding a layer of randomly-distributed Ag nanospheres (NSPs) within the perovskite thin film. From the cell top to bottom, the thickness of ITO of the transport front electrode, ZnO of the electron transport layer, perovskite of the active layer, Spiro-OMeTAD of the hole transport layer, and
Direct Photocurrent Mapping of Organic Solar Cells Using a Near
Direct photocurrent mapping of organic solar cells (OSCs) using a novel implementation of a near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) is described. By rastering the light output from the NSOM through a semitransparent electrode across the OSC surface, it is possible to collect height and photocurrent images simultaneously with a lateral resolution that is governed by the
Transient photocurrent and photovoltage mapping for characterisation of
Recent progress has led to PCEs above 11% for single junction organic solar cells, and there remains scope for further improvement [2], [3] These encouraging results have led to increased investment of resources into improving the operational lifetime and scaling up production of solar cells into a roll-to-roll printing process [4], [5]. However, to produce high
Enhanced photocurrent density of HTM-free perovskite solar cells
The photocurrent-voltage (J-V) characteristics and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were obtained by electrochemical work station (CHI660C Instrument, Chenhua Instrument Crop., China) under simulated 100 mW cm −2 intensity (1 sun) by a solar simulator (91160, Newport Corp., Irvine, CA,USA), and the active cell area was 0.14
Nanoscale photocurrent mapping in perovskite solar cells
In this work, we study spatially-resolved generation of photocurrent of methylammonium lead iodide (CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3) perovskite solar cells to reveal the microscopic effects of annealing temperature and material degradation under light exposure rrelating a novel nanoscale near-field scanning photocurrent microscopy (NSPM) technique with X-ray
Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin
Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells The modelled and experimental dependence of the photocurrent on incidence angle exhibits only a weak variation, with very low reflectivity losses at all
Current–voltage characteristics of perovskite solar cells
This paper explains the effects of bulk and interface recombination on the current–voltage characteristics of bulk heterojunction perovskite solar cells. A physics-based comprehensive analytical model for studying the carrier distribution and photocurrent alongside with the current–voltage characteristics has been proposed. The model considers exponential
Electrical Characteristics of Solar Cells
After learning the fundamental physics of pn junctions and solar cells in Chapter 3, we are ready to dive further into their electrical characteristics ing known input parameters, such as photocurrent, recombination current, and resistance components, we build a model to compute the response of the solar cell when it is illuminated and electrically biased.
Triple-junction
Introduction Recent advancements in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of monolithic perovskite-based double-junction solar cells 1–8 denote just the start of a new era in
Transient Photocurrent Response of
In this work, the transient photocurrent of the plasmon-enhanced polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-Phenyl C61
Photocurrent response loss of dye
In this research, the effect of anodization time on the length of the titanium oxide nanotube arrays (TNAs) and photovoltaic parameters of back-side illuminated dye
Terahertz photocurrent spectrum analysis of AlGaAs/GaAs
The THz photocurrent spectroscopy technique is demonstrated on GaAs and AlGaAs single-junction solar cells, as well as on the triple-junction AlGaAs/GaAs/GaAsBi solar cell. The results show that the recently developed GaAsBi-based subcell, with a nominal energy bandgap of 1.0 eV, exhibits improved electron–hole separation efficiency and can enhance
Restraining Photocurrent Loss of Lead-Free Perovskite
The surface treatment of transparent conducting oxide substrates constitutes the initial step in fabricating solar cells. However, the specifics of this process are often oversimplified. This study delves into the
Sub-bandgap Photocurrent Spectra of p–i–n
In p–i–n perovskite solar cells optical excitation of defect states at the interface between the perovskite and fullerene electron transport layer (ETL) creates a photocurrent responsible for a distinct sub-bandgap external
Photocurrent transients of thin-film solar cells
The absorber layers of thin-film kesterite solar cells were analyzed using intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy. The technique allows fast and efficient quantitative and qualitative assessment of the photoactivity of a solar cell and, in addition, allows estimating the rates of electron/hole generation and recombination in the absorbing layer.
Improved photocurrent and efficiency of non
Organic solar cells (OSCs) with a fused-ring dye, ITIC, and fullerene derivative PC 71 BM as the acceptor materials were fabricated. Compared to PC 71 BM-based cells, which reach a power conversion
Light-activated photocurrent degradation and self
Solution-processed organometallic perovskite solar cells have emerged as one of the most promising thin-film photovoltaic technology. However, a key challenge is their lack of stability over
FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES OF SOLAR CELLS
to solar-cell analysis", IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. 26, no. 3, energizing Ohio for the 21st Century Short circuit photocurrent The short-circuit current (ISC) is the current through the solar cell when the voltage across the solar cell is zero (i.e., when the solar ce ll is short circuited). Usually written as I SC, the
Electrochemical and photocurrent characterization of polymer solar
It is well known that in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells donor and acceptor interfaces play a predominant role in the charge carrier formation and separation (Zeng et al., 2015) terface improvements by active layer annealing and addition of surfactants such as of 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) has been reported so far (Zeng et al., 2015, Mihailetchi et al., 2006, Zusan
Photocurrent Spectroscopy of Perovskite Solar Cells Over a Wide
Photocurrent was measured via a custom-built Fourier transform photocurrent spectrometer based on a Bruker Vertex 80v Fourier Transform Interferometer. Devices were illuminated with a tungsten halogen light source. The solar cells were masked with a metal aperture, with a defined active area, 0.0625 2cm .
Two-photon photocurrent in InGaN/GaN nanowire intermediate band solar cells
We show that this sequential two-photon photocurrent at room temperature is non-thermionic and that with light bias, the solar cells exhibit a 44% increase in photocurrent at room temperature, and
Chapter 9
In this chapter, we present a detailed description of the physical mechanisms involved in the light-to-current generation in organic solar cells, with particular emphasis on the
Theory of solar cells
The theory of solar cells explains the process by which light energy in photons is converted into electric current when the photons strike a are small relative to photocurrent, power
Photovoltaic solar cell technologies: analysing the state of the art
Nearly all types of solar photovoltaic cells and technologies have developed dramatically, especially in the past 5 years. there remains a photocurrent loss in CIGS cells owing to the top
Explaining the Fill‐Factor and
An alternative pathway to the determination of organic solar cell fill-factor figures of merit, θ and α, expressing them in terms of the effective carrier drift and diffusion lengths
Photocurrent Spectroscopy of Perovskite Solar Cells
Solar cells based on metal halide perovskite thin films show great promise for energy generation in a range of environments from terrestrial installations to space applications. Here we assess the device characteristics
Photocurrent Enhancement of Perovskite Solar Cells at the
The perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are preferred over other solar cells due to their cost effectiveness and high power conversion efficiency, however their commercializa-tion is still limited due
Nanoscale Characterization of
We investigate the role of grain structures in nanoscale carrier dynamics of polycrystalline solar cells. By using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and near-field scanning
Analytical model for the photocurrent of solar cells based on
A simple analytical model for the photocurrent of graded band-gap solar cells is developed. Graded CdZnTe is suggested as a replacement for pure CdTe in thin film solar cells. Minority carrier diffusion length is an important parameter for optimizing graded band-gap solar cells. Material with small minority carrier diffusion length will gain more with a graded band-gap